Environmental factors affecting learners’ autonomy in the covid-19 pandemic

Recently, Covid-19 has threatened the education sector and forced  learners to adjust an online learning. According to that, learners need to study in their own space and make them more independent and autonomous. However, learners tend to experience difficulties caused by their surrounding environments that sometimes does not support online learning. Surrounding environments include human activities e.g., noise in the surrounding; financial capabilities of parents for internet data plans; or other issues beyond the student's intellectual abilities. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the existed environmental factors that affected the learning environment and define the factors which affected learners’ volition. This study was applied a qualitative method and presenting the collected results descriptively. The researcher worked with one English teacher who has been voluntarily participating in this study. This study used semi-structured interview and questionnaire as the research instruments. Firstly, the researcher sent the questionnaires using Google Form for all students at 11th graders from one of the government-owned senior high schools in Surabaya. Secondly, the researcher interviewed an English teacher to find out the class’ conditions. This study has revealed that teacher still holds huge responsibilities to guide students along the online learning process. Besides, there were still a lacks IT skills of students which make the teacher not only a facilitator but also a helper or counsellor. This dominant role of the teacher eventually made students less autonomous

Experiences using google translate application for translation used by English department students

This study exposed experiences using Google translate application for translation used by English Department students. This research is focused on explaining problems and strategies using Google Translate used by English Department students. This research used a descriptive qualitative design. Researchers selected 20 students from English Department who had taken translation subject and agreed participated in this research. The instrument used was a questionnaire in the form of open-ended questions where students had to express their answers in a paragraph. In the questionnaire there were instructions and a descriptive text about tourism places written in Indonesian that must be translated into English by students using two ways. First, students used Google translate application. Second, students translated those texts manually without an application. There were eight questions about what translation problems they found after using the app and what strategies they did to fix the result. Several points were found to be improved in the process of translation using Google translate, including to deal with grammatical error, to deal with inappropriate words or phrases, to deal with no provided meaning in google translate and to deal with abbreviation existed in Indonesian language and to deal with word for word translation

STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS IN USING GOOGLE CLASSROOM AS ONLINE ENGLISH LEARNING PLATFORM

Nowadays, distance learning has become an effective strategy in education to reduce the spread of CoronaVirus. Moreover, Google Classroom as a learning platform has become a preferable educational tool to support teaching and learning process in this pandemic. In addition, this platform is accessible on mobile phones, so it helps students to learn easier. Therefore the aim of this article is to investigate the students’ perceptions in using Google Classroom as an online English learning platform. The study is limited towards the accessibility of using Google Classroom. The study uses a quantitative method which means that the data presented and analysed using statistical analysis of numeric data. The instrument used in this study is questionnaires by using Rating scale named Likert scale. It measures the degree of agreement about the statements. The questionnaires contain the preferences or agreements in terms of five rates. This study uses descriptive statistics to analyse the result of the data. It is focused on frequency, median and mode of the data result. The research subjects are from the eleventh grade of senior high school students. The result of this study shows students’ perceptions of the accessibility in using Google Classroom to learn English online

PENGARUH KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT DENGAN STATUS GINGIVITIS PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS ANDALAS KECAMATAN PADANG TIMUR KOTA PADANG TAHUN 2012

AbstrakGingivitis kehamilan adalah gingivitis yang terjadi pada wanita hamil. Gingivitisdisebabkan oleh iritasi bakteri yang ada dalam plak dan kalkulus. Plak dan kalkulus merupakanindikator kebersihan mulut yang buruk. Selama kehamilan, hormon estrogen dan progesteroneakan mengalami peningkatan yang menyebabkan jaringan gingiva merespon secara berlebihanterhadap iritasi lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kebersihan rongga mulutdan status gingivitis ibu hamil serta hubungan antara tingkat kebersihan rongga mulut denganstatus gingivitis pada ibu hamil. Jenis penelitian ini adalah anayitic correlation denganpendekatan cross sectional, sampel diambil menggunakanteknik accidental sampling dengan ujistatistik Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Subjek adalah 70 wanita hamil di Puskesmas wilayah kerjaAndalas Padang Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kebersihan mulut ibu hamil diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Andalas Kecamatan Padang Timur sebagian besar adalah sedang(57,1%) dan sebagian besar ibu hamil yang diperiksa mengalami gingivitis sedang (70%). Semuaibu yang diperiksa mengalami gingivitis, baik itu ibu dengan tingkat kebersihan mulut yang baik,sedang maupun buruk. Disarankan kepada ibu hamil untuk selalu menjaga kebersihan dankesehatan rongga mulutnya.Kata Kunci : gingivitis kehamilan, estrogen, progesteron, tingkat kebersihan rongga mulut,gingivitisAbstractPregnancy gingivitis is gingivitis that occurs in pregnant women. Gingivitis caused by theirritation of bacteria in plaque and calculus. Plaque and calculus is indicator of poor oral hygiene.During pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone will increase that causes excessive gingival tissueresponse to local irritation. This study aims to determine oral hygiene level and gingivitis statusin pregnant women and relationship between oral hygiene level with gingivitis status in pregnantwomen. The kind of this research is analyitic correlation with cross sectional study, sampleswere taken with accidental sampling technique with statistical test Kolmogorov-Smirnov.Subject were 70 pregnant women at the work area Puskesmas Andalas Padang Timur. Theresults showed oral hygiene level in pregnant women at the work area Puskesmas AndalasPadang Timur are mostly moderate (57.1%) and majority of them had moderate gingivitis (70%).215ARTIKEL PENELITIANAll of the pregnant women were examined had gingivitis, both pregnant women with good oralhygiene, medium and bad. It is recommended to pregnant women to always maintain the hygieneand health of the oral cavity.Key word : pregnancy gingivtis, estrogene, progesterone, oral hygiene and gingivitis.21

Developing students' reading ability using visual novel for high school students

Recently, many students study from home and their class is conducted online. Many of them spend more time at home, and since their class is conducted online, most of the students have their smartphones. Because of this situation, the visual novel can be used to aid the students in studying English, especially for reading. The visual novel is a game that utilizes pictures with various sound effects to make the reader more interested in playing and watching the picture. This study is to develop a visual novel for education with the purpose to aid students in learning English. The research method utilized by the researcher in the development of a visual novel is a DDR (Design and Development) method. The participants in this research were tenth-graders from various schools in Surabaya. The instrument used in this research were questionnaires, structured interviews, and expert validation. The visual novel was validated by the expert before testing the game. This study found that Visual Novel can help students became more motivated to learn English especially reading and the response they gave toward using visual novel in aiding learning English is positive. Several students also struggled with the game due to the student's lack of knowledge. In conclusion, the visual novel has been proven to meet the students' demand to aid in learning English. The implications of these findings are that teachers should use media to create a positive learning environment

EFL Students’ English Speaking Motivation during the COVID-19 Pandemic in English Education Major

Students’ motivation is one of the challenge for teacher as it is deemed essential to students’ learning activity and outcome. However, maintaining it has become a big issue for teachers during the pandemic. As the pandemic has turned the education system into taking different methods to avoid face-to-face learning, interaction and conversation to practice English for EFL learners have reduced. This present study is aimed to see the English-speaking motivation of Indonesian EFL students in English Education major. 54 EFL students from the English education program at the State University of Surabaya participated in this study. Quantitative method was used in order to collect and analyze the data An online questionnaire was distribute through Google Form in order to collect the data. The participants filled the data based on the 5-point Likert scale. The data was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel to get accurate result. The result of this study shows most students of English Education major are motivated by their goal of getting a good job (M = 4.64), to be better educated and more confident (M = 4.37), for their success in their program study (M = 4.48) and for professional growth (M = 4.33). The research also found that the participants do not except rewards when they practice their English speaking, although external factors can distract them. The overall result shows that the students of English Education major are both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated. In addition, more students are found to be exclusively intrinsic motivated than extrinsic motivated. Similar tendencies are also found in male and female students in terms of their speaking motivation. Keywords: motivation, speaking English

STUDENTS AND TEACHERS' PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF EXPLICIT GRAMMAR INSTRUCTION IN TEN GRADERS' WRITING CLASS IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN INDONESIA

Explicit grammar teaching is a popular type of teaching in many countries and is known to show positive results and have a positive effect on students' academic achievement. This is because teaching grammar is important, especially for English teachers, because there is a combination of writing assessment, grammar knowledge, and accuracy to complete the entire assessment score. The purpose of this research is to fill a need by studying the use of explicit grammar instruction in EFL classes in Indonesia. The study used a qualitative research technique and four data collection instruments: interviews, field notes, observation sheets, and questionnaires. The data collection was conducted in the classroom of tenth students at Senior High School. The results showed that the instructor believes that specific grammar instruction is vital. From the results regarding students' perception, it was found that 35 participants showed positive perceptions regarding the application of grammar instructions used in narrative texts. They also claim that using grammar instructions to study narrative texts can help them understand the material more easily. Further, from the teachers' perception, it can be known that the teacher feels that explicit grammar instruction is very important, especially in teaching narrative texts, because there are many uses of grammar that must be considered in such texts. It helps students understand the text and understand the language features in the narrative text

Persetubuhan dalam Perkawinan Kedua Secara Adat (Analisis Putusan No 2392/K/Pid/2007)

Marriage has an important meaning in human life where marriage causes legal consequences, not only to the husband / wife in question, but also to children and / or their offspring, parents, family and society in general. Marriage as mandated by Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, besides being held legally according to the law of each religion and its beliefs, each marriage must also be recorded according to the applicable laws and regulations. Unregistered and unrecorded marriages can be said to be between men and women doing intercourse

GUESSING MEANING STRATEGY IN NARRATIVE TEXT FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Mastering English especially reading is required for the students. As a student, they have to master the text as well as possible. If a student comprehends the texts, they will get various kinds of knowledge through reading. In order to comprehend the text, the students should have a strategy, because the reading strategy that students use will influence the students reading comprehension. Guessing meaning is one of strategy that students can use. This study was conducted to examine the implementation of guessing meaning strategy and to explain the result after the implementation of the strategy. This study was qualitative research which used field notes; interview and students’ work as an instrument. The subjects of this study were the teacher and ten graders of students who were studying in a public school located in the suburban area. The data were gathered from the result of observation, the result of students' work and interviews, and the source of data collected from teacher activity and the students. All the data analyzed through three stages such as familiarizing and organizing, coding and reducing, and interpreting and representing. The result of the implementation guessing meaning strategy show that the teacher used guessing meaning strategy with 4 steps including ; decide the word that want to guess; look at the intermediate grammar context of the word that can be the students' reference to guess the meaning of the word; look at the wider context of the word usually beyond the level of the clause and often over several sentences; asked students to try to guess the meaning of the word and after that, the teacher will check the result of the answer. While the result after the implementation guessing meaning strategy showed that several clues in the sentence has enabled language learners to guess the meaning of the word from the context correctly. Vocabulary that language learners have collected during teaching and learning was helpful to understand the text. They also felt easy to find the explicit and implicit meaning of the word because they often used guessing meaning strategy. Keywords: reading, guessing-meaning strategy &nbsp

High School EFL Students’ Attitudes towards Learning English Using Blended Learning during the Pandemic

After the COVID-19 cases were reduced, blended learning was used as a learning method in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine high school EFL students' attitudes about using blended learning to aid them in learning English during the pandemic. This research used a quantitative research design with a survey questionnaire as a data collection method and a Likert scale as the data measurement. The participants were collected by convenience sampling method. They are consisted of 32 senior high school students from SMAN 16 Surabaya, SMAN 20 Surabaya and SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Surabaya. This study used descriptive analysis to analyze the findings. The result showed that high school EFL students in Surabaya presented a neutral attitude toward blended learning. In addition, the students showed the best results for the teacher's learning media and the lowest effects for virtual learning. Based on these findings, high school English teachers should improve their online learning practice since the results showed students’ disinterest in it